The museum was founded in 1960, when a large room was built next to the High School, to house the antiquities which were until then kept in the cells of the Katapoliani monastery. A second room was built at the end of the 1960's and further extension work of the museum began only recently, in 1995.
The museum contains the following collections:
Room A: Archaic and Classical sculpture. Room B: Pottery, sculpture and small finds dating from the Neolithic to the Roman period. Atrium: Sculptures, architectural parts, urns, and a mosaic floor dating from the Roman period.
The most important items of the exhibition are: Marble statue of Gorgo. The statue, preserved almost intact (height 1.35 m.), was the central acroterion of a temple. It was found in 1993, inside an ancient public building at Paroikia, and dates from the mid-6th century B.C. Inv. no. 1285. Two marble relief plaques from the Archilochos Monument. One depicts the poet Archilochos on his death couch and the other shows a lion devouring a bull. They were used as paving slabs in the floor of the atrium of the Katapoliani Church. Dated to the end of 6th century B.C. Inv. no. 758-759. Colossal marble statue of Artemis. It was found in the Delion of Paros and was the cult statue of the sanctuary, rendered as an Archaic kore wearing a chiton. Its total height - with the plinth - is 2.74m. and it dates from 480-490 B.C. Inv. no. 1251. Marble statue of Nike from the Kastro of Paroikia. The head, arms and wings are missing (preserved height 1.35m.). Dated to 470 B.C. Inv. no. 245. Marble statue of an enthroned goddess. The head and arms are missing (preserved height 1.57m.). Found by Loewy at Angeria of Paros, in 1885. Inv. no. 162. Archaic capital from the Archilochos Monument. The marble Ionic capital crowned the votive column of the Heroon of Archilochos and preserves the inscription referring to the erection of the monument by Dokimos in the 4th century B.C. The capital and the inscription are dated to the 6th century B.C. Inv. no. 733. Neolithic female figurine found on the islet of Saliagos. The woman is seated with crossed legs while the arms are bent below the breasts. Preserved height 0.055m. Inv. no. 886. Marble statue of a kore wearing a chiton. It was found in the area of Protoria, near Naousa and dates from the 6th century B.C. Preserved height: 0.86 m. Inv. no. 802. Archaic kouros. Lower part of the torso (preserved height 0.81m.). Dated to the third quarter of the 6th century B.C. Inv. no. 157. The Parian Chronicle. Inscription containing historical, religious and literary information from the prehistoric period to 264 B.C. One of the marble plaques is preserved in Paros Museum and two more are now in Oxford. Inv. no. 62.